Wooden ship



W. T. DONNELLY.

WOODEN SHIP.

APPLICATJON FILED DEC.6, 1917.

Patented Dec. 27, 1921.

2 SHEElS-SHEEI 1- Aha/wry W. T. DONNELLY.

WOODEN SHIP. APPLICATION FILED DEC.6, 1912. Patented D6627; 19271.

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lllll 'l I ll Ezra WILLIAM T. DONNELLY, O53 BROOKLYN, NEW YGR-K.

WOODEN SHIP.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 27, 19.41..

Application filed. December 6, 1517. Serial No. 205,799;

To all rv/20m it may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM T. DON- NELLY, citizen of the United Eitates, and a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wooden Ships, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to the construction of hulls of vessels, more particularly to hulls constructed of wood. It has for its object to increase the rigidity and stability of the structure, to render impossible the working of the bilge through yielding of bow and stem, and thus give the wooden ship the same general hull rigidity as the steel ship by providing an inner skin and double bottom.

In carrying out the invention, a continuous longitudinal bulkhead is provided from stem to stern posts, and is made an integral part of same; and, in addition, the side, bilge and bottom frames, as well as the top frame of the double bottom, are so assembled as to b placed under an initial stress sufiicient to insure the desired rigidity.

The nature of the invention will be best understood when described in connection with the accompanying drawings,in which- Figure 1 is a deck plan.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the ship with a portion broken away to disclose the interior.

Fig. 3 is horizontal section through the ship.

Fig. 4 is a midship section of the ship.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary detail side view.

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view illustrating the laminated bilge construction.

Figs. and 8 are fragmentary horizontal sections taken respectively on the lines 7-7 and 88, Fig. 6.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. 1 7

Referring to the drawings, wherein the invention is shown in its essential features, it being understood that various details of construction may-be modified without departing from the spirit of the invention, 10 designates the keel, 11 the outer skin, and 12 the inner skin of the vessel. 18 designates the various decks, 14c the upper member'of the double bottom, and 15 the lower member thereof. The double bottom 14 15 is formed, as hereinafter more particularly setforth, to maintain the upper member 14 thereof under a bending stress, the bilges 16 e same radius throughout the length of the ship. In addition, a longitudinal bulkhead 17, centrally disposed in the hull, extends the entire length of the said hull, is continuout throughout, and is so connected w' h the stem and stern posts 18 and 19 respectively as to be integral therewith to form a continuous member or beam of the hull. The side frames 20 are united to the bilges 16 in manner hereinafter set forth, and given a bending stress through a connection with the deck frames 13 in any well-known or special manner as by being bent inwardly about the intermediate deck frame 13 as a pivot, and are thus under an initial stress with reference to an opening-up or yielding of the hull structure.

In view of the provision ofthe continuous longitudinal bulkhead 1'1 hatches 21 are provided on opposite sides thereof; and it is to be understood, of course, that openings may, under proper conditions, be made through the bulkhead itself. Furthermore, transverse bulkheads 22 may be provided along the ship, if desired.

The invention, however, has reference more particularly to the hull structure as a whole in relation to the stresses therein, and the provision of a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed by 'a tendency of the ship to'hog, are resisted by'the transverse frame members of said structure, and also to prevent the yielding of the bow and stem and of the working of the bilges by providing a continuous, laminated and reinforced bilge portion. T c this end and as hereinbefore set forth, the longitudinal bulkhead 17, which is in the nature of a beam, is mane an integral part of the structure through the stem and stern posts connections, and is, furthermore, held under an initial compression through the deck frames 18 and the upper member 1a and lowerinem her 15 of the double bottom. The latter member 18 placed under an initial bending stress, to make the entire structure more rigid by providing longitudinal separator members or stringers between said upper member 14 and the lower member 15, the latter being made the heavier. The ends of said members are suitably bolted together through blocks or stays 26. The bottom trusses, thus produced, may be formed or rather closed at certain intervals to provide transverse bulkheads along the bottom, The

exterior frame members, constituted by the bottom, sides and upper deck are thus all.

outer ones being made the longer. The ends of same are secured to the respective members l5 and 20 by means of bolts 3]. extending transversely therethrough to prevent working of the bilge. The bilges are further reinforced by metal straps 32 and 83, the former being located. between the outer of the laminated. members and the inner wall of theouter skin, while the latter extends over the inner 'wall of the inner skin, the bolts 31 aforesaid extending through both straps. Furthermore, the in nor ends of the said straps extend respectively over the lower member 15 and upper member 14 of the double bottom, and insure thereby, in conjunction with the laminations aforesaid, anextremely rigid and sub stant al union between the bilge and the bottom. In the case of the side frames 20, the

outer strap 32 is also continued beyond the laminations and secured to the frames through bolts 34.

I claim? 7 i 1. In a ship, a wooden hull, comprising:

transverse frame members, and means to retain same under an initial stress; a stem and a stern post; and a vertical, longitudh nal bulkhead extend ng the entirelength of the hulland forming an integral part or said stenrand stern posts, said bulkhead being continuous and insuring a rigid structure'wherein lateral stresses, developed by a tendency of the ship to h0g3, are re sisted by the transverse frame acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulk head.

2. In ship, a wooden hull, comprising: transverse frame members, and deck "frames retaining same under an initial stress; a stem and a tern post; and a vertical, longitudinal bulkhead extending the entire length of the hull and forming an integral part of said stem and stern posts, said bulkhead being continuous and insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed by a tendency of, the ship to hog; are resisted by the transverse frames acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead; 'i

3. In a ship, a wooden hull, comprisin transverse frame members; a stem and a stern post; and a vertical, longitudinal bulkhead forming an integral part of said stemand stern posts,'said bulkhead beingeontmuou and under an initial compression,

and insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed by a tendency of the V ship to hog,7'are resisted by the transverse frames acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead.

in a ship, a wooden hull, comprising transverse tramemembers, and means to retain same underan initial stress; a stem and a stern post; and a vertical, longitudinal bulkhead located between the bottom and decks of the ship and maintained by same underan initial compression, and insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed by a tendency of the ship to hop, are resisted by the transverse frames acting); in conjunction with. the said longitudinal bulkhead.

5. ln a ship, a wooden hull, comprising: transverse frame members and means to re tain same under initial tress; a stem and a stern post; curved bilges under an initial stress; and a vertical, longitudinal bulkhead ez-ztending the entire length of the hull and forming an integral part of said stem and stern posts, said bulkhead being continuous and under an initial compression and insuringparigid structure whereinlateral stresses, developed bya'tendency oi the ship to bog? are resisted by the tran sverse frames acting; in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead. j

6; In a ship, a wooden hull, comprising: transverse frame members and intermediate and upper deck frame retaining the transverse frames under an initial stress; a stem and stern post; and a vertical, longitudinal bulkhead extending the entire length of the hull and forming an integral part of said. stem and stern posts, said bulkhead being continuous and under an initial compression and insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed by a tendency of the ship'to hog, are resisted by the transverselrames actingin conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead.

7. in a ship, a Wooden hull, comprising: transverse frame members and intermediate and upper deck frame retaining the tran verse frames under an initial stress; a stem and a stern post; and a vertical, longitudinal bulkhead extending the entire length of the hull and formingan integral part oi":

said stem and stern posts, said bulkhead being maintained under an initial compression by the upper deck frame and bottom or the ship and connected-with the transverse frame members, thereby insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral. stresses, developed by a tendency of the ship to hog, are resisted by the transverse frames actinn; in conjunction with the said longitudi-- tion being under a bending stress; and a vertical, longitudinal bulkhead extending; the entire length of the hull and forming an inte ral part of said stem and stern posts, said bulkhead being continuous and insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed by a tendency of the ship to hog, are resisted by the transverse frames acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead.

9. In a ship, a wooden hull, comprisin transverse frame members under an initial stress; curved bilges under an initial stress a ster and a stern post; a double bottom, the lower member being the heavier, means included between the bottom members to produce a bending stress upon the upper member; and v rtical, longitudinal bulkhead forming an integral part of said stem and stern posts, located between the bottom and decks of the ship and maintained by same under an initial compression, insuring a rigid st ucture wherein lateral stresses, developed by a tendency of the ship to hog, are resisted by the transverse frames acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead.

10. In a ship, a wooden hull, comprising: transverse frame members; a stem and a stern post; a double bottom, the lower member being heavier; separator means between same, to hold the same under a bending stress; and a v rtical, longitudinal bulkhead extending the entire length 01" the hull and forming an integral part or" said stem and stern posts, saic bulkhead being continuous and insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed by a tendency of the ship to hog, are resisted by the transverse frames acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead. V

11. in a ship, a wooden hull, comprising: transverse frame members; a stem and a stern post; a double bottom, the lower members being the heavier; separator means between the same to hold the same under a bending stress, said separator means aiiordtransverse bulkheads; and a vertical, 'tudinal bulkhead extending the entire i of the hull and forming an integral or sail stem ant stern posts, said bulkercin lateral stresses, developed by tendency of the ship to hog, are re sisted by the transverse frames acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead.

n a ship, a wooden hull, comprising:

transverse -frame members; a stem and a torn post: a 'ality o curved bilge, comprising a pluurved blanks, iron straps on the said planks, and iron straps on ining of the ship, bolts passing t. planks and straps; and a verti- .lllili bulkhead extending the on tire length of the hull and forming an integral part of said stem and stern posts, said bulkhead being continuous and insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed by a tendency of the ship to hog, are resisted by the transverse frames acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead.

13. in a ship, a wooden hull, comprising: transverse frame members; a stem and a stern post; a double bottom; a curved bilge, comprising a plurality of planks, iron straps on the outside oi said planks, and iron straps on the inside lining of the ship, bolts passing through said planks and straps, the inner ends of said straps extending beyond the ends of the upper and lower members of the double bottom; and a vertical, longitudinal bulkhead extending the entire length of the hull and forming an integral part of said stem and stern posts, said bulkhead being continuous and insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed by tendency of the ship to hog, are resisted by the transverse frames acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead.

14. In a ship, a wooden hull, comprising: transverse frame members; a stem and a stern post; a bilge, comprising a plurality of curved planks, the radius of curvature of said bilge being the same for theentire length thereof; and a vertical, longitudinal bulkhead extending the entire length of the hull and forming an integral part of said stem and stern posts, said bulkhead being continuous and insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed by a tendency of the ship to hog, are resisted by the transverse frames acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead.

15. In a ship, a wooden hull, comprising: transverse "frame members; a stem and a stern post; a bilge, comprising a plurality or" curved planks, the radius of curvature of said bilge being the same for the entire length thereof, the curved plank members of the bilge being of different length, and

the outer ones thereof being the longer; and a vertical, longitudinal bulkhead extending the entire length of the hull and forming an integral part of said stem and stern posts, said bulkhead being continuous and insuring a rigid structure wherein lateral stresses, developed bya tendency of the ship to hog,

are resisted by the transverse frames acting in conjunction with the said longitudinal bulkhead.

16. In a ship, a wooden hull comprising:

transverse frame members under an initial tending the entire length of the hull, forming an integral part of said stem and stern 7 posts and located between the bottom and decks of the ship, and maintained by same under an initial compression, insuring a' 19. In a wooden ship: a curved bilge,com-

prising a plurality of curved planks, iron straps on the outside of said planks, iron straps on the inside lining of the ship, and bolts passing through said planks and straps.

20. In a wooden ship: a double bottom, a curved bilge, comprising a plurality of curved planks, iron straps on the outside of said planks, iron straps on the inside lining of the ship, and bolts passing through said planks and strapsjthe inner ends of said straps extending beyond the ends of the upper and lower members of the double bottom.

21. The method of increasing the rigidity of a wooden ship, which consists in placing all of the exterior frame members under a lateralstress and the interior coacting members under a corresponding compressive stress. V

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 1st day of December, A. D. 1917.

WILLIAM T. DONNELLY. 

